Public Schools Demonstration Sydney NSW to the American Fleet on its visit to Australia

Maker William Applegate Gullick (1858 - 1922)

Date1908

Object number00008341

NameCertificate

MediumLithograph on paper

DimensionsOverall: 253 x 194 mm, 0.05 kg
Display Dimensions: 193 x 251 mm, 2 mm

ClassificationsEphemera

Credit LineANMM Collection Gift from G L Hardie

Terms

DescriptionThis lithograph by W.A. Gullick was presented to the Great White Fleet on its visit to Sydney, Australia in 1908. It is entitled 'Department of Public Instruction; Public Schools Demonstration Sydney NSW'. Lithographs such as this commemorated the American fleet's visit.HistoryIn December 1907 United States President Theodore Roosevelt sent the US Atlantic Battle Fleet of 16 battleships on a 14 month goodwill cruise around the world. The fleet was a chance for the Navy to practice seamanship and express America's world power. Roosevelt was also concerned about rising Japanese aggression and their expansionist foreign policy. The cruise would be a political and public relations exercise to build domestic support for more naval construction. Led by the flagship, USS CONNECTICUT, the Great White Fleet as it became known, consisted of 16 battleships painted white, as was the practice of all US Navy ships in times of peace. The ships sailed in four divisions of four ships each. Early in the voyage the order of the ships was altered to allow the best-looking vessels to be at the front of the fleet. The cruise incorporated six continents, 26 countries and 32 ports with 614 officers and 13,504 crew. It consumed 435,000 tons of coal, more than any other naval expedition and was the largest fleet to ever accomplish a circumnavigation of the globe. Australia was not originally on the itinerary route of the Great White Fleet, who only decided to visit after receiving a direct invitation from the Prime Minister Alfred Deakin. One quarter of the Australian population, over one million people, saw the Great White Fleet during its three-week visit to Sydney, Melbourne and Albany. Public holidays were declared and enthusiastic crowds flocked to see the ships and parades.SignificanceThis lithograph demonstrates the warm welcome given to the American fleet and also the highly organised nature of some of the activities.