Signal pennant from the tug ILUKA, 3rd Substitute

Maker Harry West Flags

Date1950s

Object number00006764

NamePennant

MediumLinen, canvas, brass, rope

DimensionsOverall: 580 x 950 mm, 0.1 kg

ClassificationsVisual communication

Credit LineANMM Collection

Terms

DescriptionLinen signal pennant of white and black, representing the '3rd Substitute', from the tug ILUKA.HistoryThe Commercial Code of Signals was first published in 1857 by a Committee set up by the British Board of Trade. It contained 70,000 signals and used eighteen flags. It was adopted by most seafaring nations to would become known as the International Code of Signals (ICS). An amended Code was completed in 1897 and was distributed to all maritime powers but WWI exposed a number of flaws in the system of ship to ship communication and in 1931, the system was revised. This new ICS was officially brought into force worldwide in 1934 but was still found cumbersome in some ways and in 1969 a more modern and reduced Code was proposed, dropping the geographical and vocabulary sections, and placing more focus on communications related to safety of navigation. The ILUKA was built in 1944 by Central Bridge Company, Ontario and arrived in Sydney in April 1945 as deck cargo aboard the LEWIS HENNEPIN to be part of the Royal Navy Pacific Fleet. In May, ILUKA was declared surplus and offered for sale by the Commonwealth Disposable Commission. After two years in Port Moresby, ILUKA was purchased by the NSW Department of Public Works and stationed on the Clarence River until 1972towing barges used for construction work on the river entrance breakwaters at Iluka and Yamba. In 1973, ILUKA arrived in Sydney after passing into private hands. The vessel, fitted with a Kelvin diesel engine and stern gallows for fishing, was based at the fisherman’s wharf, Black Wattle Bay.SignificanceThe signal flags of the International Code of Signals are used by ships at sea to spellout short messages, or used individually or in combination, have special meanings.