J.S.C. Dumont d'Urville, Commandant l'expedition de l'ASTROLABE en 1826, 1827, 1828, 1829. ne a Conde sur Noireau Calvados le 23 Mai 1790

Artist Antoine Maurin (1793 - 1860)

Lithographer Joseph Lemercier (1803 - 1884)

Subject or historical figure Jules Dumont d'Urville (1790 - 1842)

Date1833

Object number00004278

NameLithograph

MediumInk on paper

DimensionsMount: 560 x 406 mm

ClassificationsArt

Credit LineANMM Collection

Terms

DescriptionA lithograph by Joseph Lemercier, after a drawing by Antoine Maurin, of the celebrated French naval officer and explorer Jules Sebastien Ceasar Dumont d'Urville, commander of the ASTROLABE. This lithograph was produced as the frontispiece for Dumont d'Urville's published account of his first expedition 'Voyage de la corvette ASTROLABE' which appeared in Paris in 1833 and presented the scientific findings, natural history and ethnography collected and documented during his first voyage to the Pacific in L'ASTROLABE (1826-1829).HistoryCaptain Jules Dumont d'Urville was a French naval officer who commanded two voyages of discovery to the Pacific Ocean and to Antarctica during the Bourbon Restoration (1815-1830) and July Monarchy (1830 - 1848) At an early stage of his naval career Dumont d'Urville participated in a hydrographic survey of the Aegean Sea during which he was instrumental in the recovery for the Musee de Louvre of the 'Venus de Milo'; he later served with distinction as second-in-command to Captain Louis Duperrey during a circumnavigation in the 'corvette' LA COQUILLE (1822 - 1825) Due to the success of that voyage, the French Minister for the Navy commissioned another voyage in LA COQUILLE, which was refitted and renamed L'ASTROLABE in recognition of the fact that one of the voyage's objectives was to discover the fate of La Perouse's two ships (L'Astrolabe and La Boussole) which had disappeared without trace in 1788. The fate of La Perouse's expedition had become a great mystery since the disappearance of the two ships. Unfortunately an opportunity to rescue some survivors and shed new light on the mystery had passed by in 1791 when HMS PANDORA sailed within sight of Vanikoro and ignored smoke plumes indicating that the island was inhabited. The La Perouse expedition’s demise was also a great disappointment in France. The expedition's royal patron (King Louis XVI) is said to have asked, shortly before his execution by guillotine in 1793, whether finally there was some news of La Perouse! Dumont d'Urville was given command and set off in the renamed 'corvette' in 1826; this first voyage in L'ASTROLABE lasted nearly 3 years (to 1829) and, following reports by the Anglo-Irish sandalwood trader Peter Dillon, succeeded in finding the wreck of La Perouse's ASTROLABE and evidence of a survivors' camp on Vanikoro Island; however, by then none of La Perouse's crews had survived to tell of their fate after shipwreck. Dumont d'Urville erected a monument to La Perouse at Vanikoro before starting the return journey to France. He arrived in Marseilles in February 1829 carrying anchors, chains and guns collected from the wreck site. On its second Pacific voyage, which included a visit to Anarctica and also lasted almost three years (1837-1840) L'ASTROLABE was accompanied by the 'corvette' LA ZELEE, commanded by Dumont d'Urville's former second-in-command in L'ASTROLABE Lieutenant Jacquinot. Initially dumbfounded by the addition of Antarctic exploration to the French expedition's aims, Dumont d'Urville changed his mind when he considered the wonder it would excite in the eyes of the public, as Napoleon is thought to have said 'People like to be astonished'. The findings of both voyages were published in Paris accompanied by 'Atlases' containing a wide variety of detailed illustrations, ranging from drawings of collected specimens of natural history and coastal views to portraits of exotic peoples encountered during the voyages. Dumont d'Urville gained fame for his role in unravelling the disappearance of La Perouse, one of the greatest maritime mysteries of the 19th century; and for his exploration of Antarctica. On 8 May 1842 he was killed with his family when the train they were on derailed and caught fire during a journey from Versailles to Paris. SignificanceDumont d'Urville gained fame for his role in unravelling the disappearance of La Perouse, one of the greatest maritime mysteries of the 19th century, and later for his exploration of Antarctica.