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Harbours and anchorages of the coasts of Java

Publisher Hydrographic Office of the Admiralty

Date1867 - 1912

Object number00001788

NameMap

MediumInk on paper

DimensionsOverall: 695 mm

ClassificationsMaps, charts and plans

Credit LineANMM Collection

Terms

DescriptionMap titled 'Harbours and anchorages of the coast of Java' said to have been used by KRAIT personnel in planning attack on shipping in Singapore Harbour and harbours and anchorages of the coast of Java.HistoryBuilt in 1934 in Japan and originally named KOFUKU MARU (Happiness or Good Fortune), KRAIT collected fish from fishermen and ports around the Rhio Archipelago and took the catch to the Singapore markets. It took food, water and other supplies to the fishing fleet. Confined to port early in World War II, the boat was used by Captain Bill Reynolds to evacuate hundreds of civilians to nearby Sumatra. It was soon proposed that the vessel be used as part of a covert operation. Renamed KRAIT (after a deadly species of snake) its most famous hour came in 1943 when a 14-strong company of British and Australian army and naval personnel set out on a daring commando night raid on shipping in the Singapore Roads. Codenamed Operation Jaywick, KRAIT was disguised as a Japanese fishing boat and successfully taken to within 20 miles of Singapore itself. Three pairs of operatives in folboats (folding canoes) attached limpet mines to and blew up or damaged seven Japanese tankers and freighters totalling some 37,000 tonnes. KRAIT then operated out of Darwin as a coastwatch and intelligence support vessel in Indonesia. Commissioned HMAS KRAIT in 1944, the vessel witnessed the Japanese surrender at Ambon in September 1945 and after the war was handed to the British Borneo Civil Affairs Unit. KRAIT was bought by a British sawmiller for the Borneo timber trade – and renamed PEDANG (Sword). In the late 1950s two Australians recognised KRAIT whilst on a timber-related business trip. A public appeal followed and the KRAIT Trust Fund was formed to purchase the vessel and return it to Australia – which it did successfully in 1964. The vessel was operated by the Royal Volunteer Coastal Patrol for patrol, search and rescue, boating courses and school visits. It was transferred to the Australian War Memorial in 1985 and has been cared for by ANMM since 1987.SignificanceThe KRAIT has a long history of service in Australia and was very successful in WWII in evacuation and attack situations in Singapore. Despite its small size and age, it sporadically suffered engine trouble for the duration of the voyage, the KRAIT's role in Operation Jaywick was significant in both getting the crew to Singapore under disguise and getting them back to Australia again.