King Joseph I of Portugal and Duke of Guinea, pierced 40 Réis, from the wreck of the DUNBAR
Date1757
Object number00025250
NameCoin
MediumCopper
DimensionsOverall: 40 mm, 0.023 kg
ClassificationsCoins and medals
Credit LineANMM Collection Purchased with the assistance of the Andrew Thyne Reid Trust
DescriptionCopper coin of King Joseph I of Portugal, minted in 1757 for circulation in its African territories which included Portuguese Guinea (Guinea Bissau), Angola and Mozambique. The coin has been deliberately pierced so it can be worn as an amulet. The coin was recovered from the wreck site of the DUNBAR which was wrecked on Sydney Head in 1857.HistoryOn the night of Thursday 20 August 1857, the clipper DUNBAR approached the heads of Sydney Harbour after a voyage of 81 days.
Launched in 1853, the vessel was owned by Duncan Dunbar, and was the sister ship of the PHOEBE DUNBAR, the DUNBAR CASTLE and the DUNCAN DUNBAR.
Under the command of Captain Green, the DUNBAR was on its second voyage to Sydney. Despite the treacherous weather conditions on the night, Captain Green and his crew attempted to enter Sydney Harbour that evening, rather than wait until morning.
The DUNBAR was driven into the reef at the foot of South Head and began to break up immediately. In the hours that followed, all but one of the passengers and crew perished. The survivor, Able Seaman James Johnson clung to a ledge on the cliff face until he was rescued on the morning of 22 August, some 36 hours after the DUNBAR ran aground.
When news of the wreck reached Sydney the following day, it immediately captured the attention of the public. In the days following, the media provided extensive coverage of the search for survivors and victims, and daily chronicled the progress of the inquest.
Residents were drawn to the scene for the morbid task of identifying friends, relatives and business associates. Still only a relatively small town, Sydney was staggered by the enormity and proximity of the tragedy.
A mass funeral for those who died and who, in most cases, could not be identified was held on 24 September. The interments took place at St. Stephen's Cemetery, Camperdown where there is still a monument to the victims.
SignificanceThis coin is representative of currency in circulation during the mid-19th century. It is also associated with the tragic loss of the DUNBAR on 20 August 1857, the worst peace-time merchant shipping tragedy in the history of New South Wales.
